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Dec 8, 2020
Softeners can be divided into fatty acid derivatives and organosilicone oil. The former is a traditional softener widely used, and the latter is a new product coming from behind. The development of silicone softeners is very fast, and new varieties with various properties and functions are being developed and put on the market.
Silicone softeners not only have better softening effect than traditional softeners, but also have better durability. Therefore, in the use of textile soft finishing, has occupied the main position. However, due to its durable effect, once there are dyeing defects that need to be repaired, or defects caused by careless stop operation of soft treatment, or color change caused by soft treatment, it will be more difficult to repair.
Fatty acid derivative softeners and silicone softeners are mostly cationic, weakly cationic or non-ionic in ionic properties. Therefore, on the premise of compatibility, they are often treated with fixing agents in one bath. The DH values of their working baths are basically the best when the acidity is weak, and the appropriate bath temperature is 30-45 CC. After softening treatment, it is no longer used for washing, and the firmness of reaction film is higher after baking. Silicone softeners are also prone to demulsification and oil bleaching if the car is blocked carelessly. Some dyestuffs that need to be softened in the dyeing machine, such as ready-made clothes, yarns, loose fibers, etc., are prone to accumulate organic silicone oil in the equipment after a long time. It is more difficult to remove and repair than fatty acid film softeners.
In essence, organosilicon oil is an "oil" insoluble in water. It can only be used in dyeing and finishing production after emulsification. Some so-called water-soluble silicone oil has the function of self emulsifying in water. If the properties and characteristics of organic silicone oil are not mastered in use, and the process conditions required by the regulations are seriously violated, the demulsification and oil separation will also occur.
The physical and chemical characteristics of silicone softener were analyzed, and the main points were summarized as follows: a. the DH value range of the best stability of working bath: 5-6.5. b. The most suitable temperature of working bath: 30-45 ℃. c. Ionic: most varieties are cationic, followed by non-ionic, and some varieties are anionic. (comparing the softening effect of different varieties, the cationic type is generally dominant. )The characteristics and commonness of fixing agent and softener are summarized. When they are given the best process conditions of stability, good treatment effect will be obtained. If we do the opposite, we can destroy and remove them. Because the silicone softener has the highest firmness, if we can overcome the silicone, the others will be solved naturally.
Silicone oil is a kind of polyorganosiloxane with chain like Du structure with different degree of polymerization. It is prepared by the decomposition of dimethyldimethyldichlorosilane with water. The low ring is obtained by cracking and rectifying the ring. The mixture of various polymerization degrees can be obtained by adjusting the ring, sealing agent and catalyst together. The low boiling substance can be removed by vacuum distillation to obtain silicone oil. It is used for refreshing cream, lotion, cleansing cream, make-up water, make-up, perfume. Silicone oil is generally colorless (or light yellow), tasteless, non-toxic, volatile liquid. So it's harmless to human body! There are four kinds of softeners according to their ionic properties: cationic, nonionic, anionic and amphoteric quaternary ammonium salts.
Cationic softeners are the most widely used softeners, which can be divided into quaternary ammonium salt type, fatty acid ester type, right wax type, polyethylene type, silicone resin type and so on. Among them, quaternary ammonium salt softeners occupy a large proportion in cationic softeners, mainly including monoalkyl quaternary ammonium salt, dialkyl quaternary ammonium salt, alkyl acyl quaternary ammonium salt, pyridine quaternary ammonium salt and imidazole type softener Among the quaternary ammonium softeners used, monoalkyl quaternary ammonium salt has been gradually eliminated due to its high toxicity and poor biodegradability; although the toxicity of dialkyl quaternary ammonium salt and alkyl acyl quaternary ammonium salt is lower than that of monoalkyl quaternary ammonium salt, its biodegradability is very poor, which will kill biological bacteria and easily be absorbed by sludge in sewage treatment and pollute farmland! However, the product has the effect of soft lubrication, sterilization and disinfection, safe and non-toxic. The softener compounded by this product is absolutely non-toxic to human body.